On the feasibility of using a lake water balance model to infer rainfall: an example from Lake Victoria

نویسندگان

  • SHARON E. NICHOLSON
  • XUNGANG YIN
چکیده

A water balance model of Lake Victoria that can be used to assess rainfall from lake level, is derived. The model utilizes satellite estimates of rainfall directly over the lake. The model, initially derived and calibrated for the period 1956-1978, is reformulated here in such a way that all water balance terms except evaporation can be calculated from a combination of catchment rainfall and level of the lake. The reformulated model is validated and used to predict lake level fluctuations during the period 1931-1994. An error analysis is also performed. The model is then "inverted" to solve for mean rainfall conditions during various intervals of changing lake levels. For modern periods with known rainfall conditions, the error in model estimates is of the order of 1%. De la possibilité d'utiliser un modèle de bilan en eau d'un lac pour estimer les précipitations : un exemple du Lac Victoria Résumé Un modèle de bilan en eau du Lac Victoria a été réalisé pour estimer les précipitations à partir du niveau du lac. Le modèle utilise les estimations satellitaires des précipitations directes sur le lac. Le modèle, initialement établi et calé pour la période 1956-1978, est reformulé ici de telle sorte que tous les termes de l'équation du bilan en eau, à l'exception de l'évaporation, puissent être calculés à partir d'une combination des précipitations sur le bassin versant et du niveau du lac. Le nouveau modèle a été validé et utilisé pour la prédiction des fluctuations du niveau du lac au cours de la période 1931-1994. Une analyse d'erreur a également été réalisée. Le modèle est alors "inversé" pour déterminer les conditions moyennes des précipitations durant les intervalles de temps séparant des changements du niveau du lac. Pour les périodes récentes, au cours desquelles les précipitations sont connues, l'erreur sur les estimations du modèle est de l'ordre de 1%.

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تاریخ انتشار 2000